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Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from Real-Life Data.
CONCLUSIONS: Data obtained in this systematic review indicate that more than 1 in every five subjects with HIV had a moderate-high cardiovascular risk. In consequence, the burden of cardiovascular disease in PLWHIV represents a public health problem. There is an urgent need to develop strategies to prevent and detect cardiovascular risk assessment effectively in PLWHIV. PMID: 31830884 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - December 10, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Grand M, Bia D, Diaz A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

HIV neuropathy
Purpose of review: To present an overview of HIV-associated distal symmetric polyneuropathy (HIV-DSP) and other HIV-related peripheral neuropathies in the post-highly active retroviral therapy era. Recent findings: HIV-DSP has become the most common neurologic complication of HIV largely due to the prolonged survival of HIV-positive patients with the advent of highly active retroviral therapy. HIV-DSP can be attributed to the disease itself or to secondary effects of certain HAART agents, and often the two disease entities cannot be distinguished. HIV-DSP can lead to significant morbidity and interfere with daily activitie...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 6, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV NEUROLOGY: Edited by Christopher Power and Bruce J. Brew Source Type: research

The Increase of HIV-1 Infection, Neurocognitive Impairment, and Type 2 Diabetes in The Rio Grande Valley.
Abstract The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection remains a persistent predicament for the State of Texas ranking seventh among the most documented HIV cases in the United States. In this regard, the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) in South Texas is considered as one of the least investigated areas of the state with respect to HIV infection and HIV associated comorbidities. Considering the 115% increase in average HIV incidence rates per 100,000 within the RGV from 2007-2015, it is worth characterizing this population with respect to their HIV-1 infection, HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), and th...
Source: Current HIV Research - October 28, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: De La Garza R, Rodrigo H, Fernandez F, Roy U Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

HIV-related cardiovascular disease: closing the gap in mortality
This series of review articles outlines the complex cause of HIV-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) particularly the interactions of viral factors, complications of antiviral therapy such as metabolic derangement, and chronic systemic inflammation. These factors, directly stemming from chronic HIV infection, are important in the pathogenesis of HIV-related CVD. Addressing each issue has likely underpinned the improved morbidity and increased life expectancy enjoyed by patients in the modern era of HIV management. The global management of HIV-related CVD may, however, be simpler than previously imagined, as the disease ...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 7, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN HIV INFECTED PERSONS: Edited by Franck Boccara and Cameron J. Holloway Source Type: research

Let's talk chronic disease: can differentiated service delivery address the syndemics of HIV, hypertension and diabetes?
Purpose of review Differentiated service delivery (DSD) for HIV provides an approach to scaling services that are client-centred and aims to address client challenges whilst reducing the burden on health systems. With access to antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV are living longer and increasingly present with comorbid conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes. This review presents the syndemic burden of HIV, hypertension and diabetes and highlights opportunities and challenges to leveraging DSD across diseases. Recent findings Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in the eight highest HIV prevalence ...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - June 9, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV SYNDEMICS: Edited by Kenneth H. Mayer Source Type: research

Metabolic Syndrome in HIV-patients in Antiretroviral Therapy.
CONCLUSION: Almost half of HIV-infected patients in Bahia presents with MS which seems to be driven by classical risk factors. PMID: 32516101 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - June 8, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Vargas-Pacherrez D, Cotrim HP, Pires L, Cunha V, Coelho V, Brites C, Daltro C Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Perspectives on pharmacogenomics of antiretroviral medications and HIV-associated comorbidities
Purpose of review: To summarize current knowledge and provide perspective on relationships between human genetic variants, antiretroviral medications, and aging-related complications of HIV-1 infection. Recent findings: Human genetic variants have been convincingly associated with interindividual variability in antiretroviral toxicities, drug disposition, and aging-associated complications in HIV-1 infection. Screening for HLA-B*5701 to avoid abacavir hypersensitivity reactions has become a routine part of clinical care, and has markedly improved drug safety. There are well established pharmacogenetic associations with oth...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - February 4, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: GENOMICS IN HIV INFECTION: Edited by Amalio Telenti Source Type: research

Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need
HIV infection is now considered a chronic, treatable disease, although treatment is associated with increased rates of coronary artery disease (CAD). Increased risk of CAD in HIV‐infected patients has been associated with the inflammatory sequelae of the infection as well as the greater prevalence of cardiac risk factors in HIV‐positive populations and the side effects of life‐prolonging antiretroviral therapies. Patients with HIV infection now have a 1.5 to 2‐fold greater risk of developing CAD compared with noninfected individuals, raising the independent risk of CAD in HIV infection to levels similar to those in...
Source: HIV Medicine - August 24, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: J Nadel, CJ Holloway Tags: Viewpoints on HIV research Source Type: research

Statins and Incident Diabetes in HIV-1 Patients on cART Statins and Incident Diabetes in HIV-1 Patients on cART
The use of statins was not significantly associated with an increased risk of developing incident diabetes mellitus among HIV-1 patients, a new study reports.HIV Medicine
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - November 2, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS Journal Article Source Type: news

Diabetes and Depression in Men With or at Risk of HIV Diabetes and Depression in Men With or at Risk of HIV
Is diabetes associated with a greater risk for depression? How common is this association among men with and without HIV?HIV Medicine
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - January 27, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS Journal Article Source Type: news

Renal and Metabolic Toxicities Following Initiation of HIV-1 Treatment Regimen in a Diverse, Multinational Setting: A Focused Safety Analysis of ACTG PEARLS (A5175)
Background: Convenient dosing, potency, and low toxicity support use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as preferred nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) for HIV-1 treatment. However, renal and metabolic safety of TDF compared to other NRTIs has not been well described in resource-limited settings. Methods: This was a secondary analysis examining the occurrence of renal abnormalities (RAs) and renal and metabolic serious non-AIDS-defining events (SNADEs) through study follow-up between participants randomized to zidovudine (ZDV)/lamivudine/ efavirenz and TDF/emtricitabine/efavirenz treatment arms within A5...
Source: HIV Clinical Trials - November 29, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Clinical Trials Source Type: research

Incident T2DM After Initiation of Common HIV ART Drugs Incident T2DM After Initiation of Common HIV ART Drugs
How likely are HIV patients to develop prediabetes or type 2 diabetes after ART initiation -- and which drugs are these events associated with?AIDS
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - December 28, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS Journal Article Source Type: news

Inadequate Routine Diabetes Screening Common in HIV Inadequate Routine Diabetes Screening Common in HIV
Study shows most people with both HIV and diabetes fail to receive the basic recommendations for routine screenings to prevent complications.Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - December 13, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS News Source Type: news

Recent data on adipose tissue, insulin resistance, diabetes and dyslipidaemia in antiretroviral therapy controlled HIV-infected persons
Purpose of review Increased total body fat with truncal redistribution is common in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-controlled persons living with HIV(PLWH), leading to insulin resistance, prediabetes/diabetes and dyslipidaemia. We address these topics here. Recent findings Most antiretrovirals are associated with gain in trunk fat, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Protease-inhibitors could inhibit white fat ability to dissipate energy (i.e. beiging) favouring fat gain. Expansion of VAT is associated with a pro-inflammatory profile linked to the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and CD4+ subtypes. ART-associate...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - May 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV-ASSOCIATED CO-MORBIDITIES: Edited by Morris Schambelan and Todd T. Brown Source Type: research